socks: return error if hostname too long for remote resolve

Prior to this change the state machine attempted to change the remote
resolve to a local resolve if the hostname was longer than 255
characters. Unfortunately that did not work as intended and caused a
security issue.

Bug: https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2023-38545.html

tests/data/Makefile.inc

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ test681 test682 test683 test684 test685 test686 test687 test688 \
 test700 test701 test702 test703 test704 test705 test706 test707 test708 \
 test709 test710 test711 test712 test713 test714 test715 test716 test717 \
 test718 test719 test720 test721 test722 test723 test724 test725 test726 \
-test727 \
+test727 test728 \
 \
 test799 test800 test801 test802 test803 test804 test805 test806 test807 \
 test808 test809 test810 test811 test812 test813 test814 test815 test816 \

tests/data/test728

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+<testcase>
+<info>
+<keywords>
+HTTP
+HTTP GET
+SOCKS5
+SOCKS5h
+followlocation
+</keywords>
+</info>
+
+#
+# Server-side
+<reply>
+# The hostname in this redirect is 256 characters and too long (> 255) for
+# SOCKS5 remote resolve. curl must return error CURLE_PROXY in this case.
+<data>
+HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
+Location: http://AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/
+Content-Length: 0
+Connection: close
+
+</data>
+</reply>
+
+#
+# Client-side
+<client>
+<features>
+proxy
+</features>
+<server>
+http
+socks5
+</server>
+ <name>
+SOCKS5h with HTTP redirect to hostname too long
+ </name>
+ <command>
+--no-progress-meter --location --proxy socks5h://%HOSTIP:%SOCKSPORT http://%HOSTIP:%HTTPPORT/%TESTNUMBER
+</command>
+</client>
+
+#
+# Verify data after the test has been "shot"
+<verify>
+<protocol crlf="yes">
+GET /%TESTNUMBER HTTP/1.1
+Host: %HOSTIP:%HTTPPORT
+User-Agent: curl/%VERSION
+Accept: */*
+
+</protocol>
+<errorcode>
+97
+</errorcode>
+# the error message is verified because error code CURLE_PROXY (97) may be
+# returned for any number of reasons and we need to make sure it is
+# specifically for the reason below so that we know the check is working.
+<stderr mode="text">
+curl: (97) SOCKS5: the destination hostname is too long to be resolved remotely by the proxy.
+</stderr>
+</verify>
+</testcase>