tidy-up: OS names

Use these words and casing more consistently across text, comments and
one curl tool output:
AIX, ALPN, ANSI, BSD, Cygwin, Darwin, FreeBSD, GitHub, HP-UX, Linux,
macOS, MS-DOS, MSYS, MinGW, NTLM, POSIX, Solaris, UNIX, Unix, Unicode,
WINE, WebDAV, Win32, winbind, WinIDN, Windows, Windows CE, Winsock.

Mostly OS names and a few more.

Also a couple of other minor text fixups.

Closes #14360

src/tool_cb_see.c

@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ int tool_seek_cb(void *userdata, curl_off_t offset, int whence)
 #if(SIZEOF_CURL_OFF_T > SIZEOF_OFF_T) && !defined(USE_WIN32_LARGE_FILES)
 
   /* The offset check following here is only interesting if curl_off_t is
-     larger than off_t and we are not using the WIN32 large file support
-     macros that provide the support to do 64bit seeks correctly */
+     larger than off_t and we are not using the Win32 large file support
+     macros that provide the support to do 64-bit seeks correctly */
 
   if(offset > OUR_MAX_SEEK_O) {
     /* Some precaution code to work around problems with different data sizes
-       to allow seeking >32bit even if off_t is 32bit. Should be very rare and
-       is really valid on weirdo-systems. */
+       to allow seeking >32-bit even if off_t is 32-bit. Should be very rare
+       and is really valid on weirdo-systems. */
     curl_off_t left = offset;
 
     if(whence != SEEK_SET)

src/tool_cb_wrt.c

@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ size_t tool_write_cb(char *buffer, size_t sz, size_t nmemb, void *userdata)
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
   fhnd = _get_osfhandle(fileno(outs->stream));
-  /* if windows console then UTF-8 must be converted to UTF-16 */
+  /* if Windows console then UTF-8 must be converted to UTF-16 */
   if(isatty(fileno(outs->stream)) &&
      GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo((HANDLE)fhnd, &console_info)) {
     wchar_t *wc_buf;

src/tool_doswin.c

@@ -297,11 +297,11 @@ SANITIZEcode truncate_dryrun(const char *path, const size_t truncate_pos)
  */
 
 /*
-Extra sanitization MSDOS for file_name.
+Extra sanitization MS-DOS for file_name.
 
 This is a supporting function for sanitize_file_name.
 
-Warning: This is an MSDOS legacy function and was purposely written in a way
+Warning: This is an MS-DOS legacy function and was purposely written in a way
 that some path information may pass through. For example drive letter names
 (C:, D:, etc) are allowed to pass through. For sanitizing a filename use
 sanitize_file_name.
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ Rename file_name if it is a reserved dos device name.
 
 This is a supporting function for sanitize_file_name.
 
-Warning: This is an MSDOS legacy function and was purposely written in a way
+Warning: This is an MS-DOS legacy function and was purposely written in a way
 that some path information may pass through. For example drive letter names
 (C:, D:, etc) are allowed to pass through. For sanitizing a filename use
 sanitize_file_name.
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ SANITIZEcode rename_if_reserved_dos_device_name(char **const sanitized,
   }
 
   /* This is the legacy portion from rename_if_dos_device_name that checks for
-     reserved device names. It only works on MSDOS. On Windows XP the stat
+     reserved device names. It only works on MS-DOS. On Windows XP the stat
      check errors with EINVAL if the device name is reserved. On Windows
      Vista/7/8 it sets mode S_IFREG (regular file or device). According to
      MSDN stat doc the latter behavior is correct, but that does not help us
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ char **__crt0_glob_function(char *arg)
 /*
  * Function to find CACert bundle on a Win32 platform using SearchPath.
  * (SearchPath is already declared via inclusions done in setup header file)
- * (Use the ASCII version instead of the unicode one!)
+ * (Use the ASCII version instead of the Unicode one!)
  * The order of the directories it searches is:
  *  1. application's directory
  *  2. current working directory

src/tool_filetime.c

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ int getfiletime(const char *filename, struct GlobalConfig *global,
 {
   int rc = 1;
 
-/* Windows stat() may attempt to adjust the unix GMT file time by a daylight
+/* Windows stat() may attempt to adjust the Unix GMT file time by a daylight
    saving time offset and since it is GMT that is bad behavior. When we have
    access to a 64-bit type we can bypass stat and get the times directly. */
 #if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(CURL_WINDOWS_APP)
@@ -92,14 +92,14 @@ void setfiletime(curl_off_t filetime, const char *filename,
                  struct GlobalConfig *global)
 {
   if(filetime >= 0) {
-/* Windows utime() may attempt to adjust the unix GMT file time by a daylight
+/* Windows utime() may attempt to adjust the Unix GMT file time by a daylight
    saving time offset and since it is GMT that is bad behavior. When we have
    access to a 64-bit type we can bypass utime and set the times directly. */
 #if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(CURL_WINDOWS_APP)
     HANDLE hfile;
     TCHAR *tchar_filename = curlx_convert_UTF8_to_tchar((char *)filename);
 
-    /* 910670515199 is the maximum unix filetime that can be used as a
+    /* 910670515199 is the maximum Unix filetime that can be used as a
        Windows FILETIME without overflow: 30827-12-31T23:59:59. */
     if(filetime > CURL_OFF_T_C(910670515199)) {
       warnf(global, "Failed to set filetime %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T

src/tool_findfile.c

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ static char *checkhome(const char *home, const char *fname, bool dotscore)
  *
  * 1. Iterate over the environment variables in order, and if set, check for
  *    the given file to be accessed there, then it is a match.
- * 2. Non-windows: try getpwuid
+ * 2. Non-Windows: try getpwuid
  */
 char *findfile(const char *fname, int dotscore)
 {

src/tool_getparam.c

@@ -419,11 +419,11 @@ void parse_cert_parameter(const char *cert_parameter,
       }
       break;
     case ':':
-      /* Since we live in a world of weirdness and confusion, the win32
+      /* Since we live in a world of weirdness and confusion, the Windows
          dudes can use : when using drive letters and thus c:\file:password
          needs to work. In order not to break compatibility, we still use : as
          separator, but we try to detect when it is used for a filename! On
-         windows. */
+         Windows. */
 #ifdef _WIN32
       if((param_place == &cert_parameter[1]) &&
          (cert_parameter[2] == '\\' || cert_parameter[2] == '/') &&
@@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ ParameterError getparameter(const char *flag, /* f or -long-flag */
               nextarg);
       }
       else if(!strncmp("\xe2\x80\x9c", nextarg, 3)) {
-        warnf(global, "The argument '%s' starts with a unicode quote where "
+        warnf(global, "The argument '%s' starts with a Unicode quote where "
               "maybe an ASCII \" was intended?",
               nextarg);
       }

src/tool_operate.c

@@ -2692,10 +2692,10 @@ static CURLcode transfer_per_config(struct GlobalConfig *global,
     return CURLE_FAILED_INIT;
   }
 
-  /* On WIN32 we cannot set the path to curl-ca-bundle.crt at compile time. We
-   * look for the file in two ways:
+  /* On Windows we cannot set the path to curl-ca-bundle.crt at compile time.
+   * We look for the file in two ways:
    * 1: look at the environment variable CURL_CA_BUNDLE for a path
-   * 2: if #1 is not found, use the windows API function SearchPath()
+   * 2: if #1 is not found, use the Windows API function SearchPath()
    *    to find it along the app's path (includes app's dir and CWD)
    *
    * We support the environment variable thing for non-Windows platforms

src/tool_vms.c

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ void vms_special_exit(int code, int vms_show)
 {
   int vms_code;
 
-  /* The Posix exit mode is only available after VMS 7.0 */
+  /* The POSIX exit mode is only available after VMS 7.0 */
 #if __CRTL_VER >= 70000000
   if(is_vms_shell() == 0) {
     decc$__posix_exit(code);