tidy-up: miscellaneous

- examples: sync debug output printf masks.
- INSTALL-CMAKE.md: tidy up section for some options.
- curl_sha512_256: delete comment suggesting an optimization.
- vtls/keylog: scope a variable.
- vtls/openssl: make a source code URL a permalink.
- vtls/schannel: drop redundant parentheses.
- test1119.pl: robustify `$1` -> `$s`.
- sync arg names in comments to match the code.
- tidy up and minor fixes to comments.
- fix formatting/indenting/comment/newline/include nits.
- move `UNITTEST` protos next to definitions, sync their argument names.
- make variables static.
- add parentheses to Perl `open()` calls.
- drop unnecessary double quotes in Perl.
- clang-format.

Closes #21000

scripts/badwords

@@ -219,9 +219,8 @@ if(@exact) {
 }
 
 # Build a single combined regex for removing whitelisted content
-my $re_wl;
 my $pat = join('|', map { $_ } @whitelist);
-$re_wl = qr/($pat)/;
+my $re_wl = qr/($pat)/;
 
 my $errors = 0;
 

scripts/delta

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ my $numchanges = 0;
 my $numbugfixes = 0;
 my $numcontributors = 0;
 open(F, "<RELEASE-NOTES");
-my $mode=0;
+my $mode = 0;
 while(<F>) {
     if($_ =~ /following changes:/) {
         $mode=1;
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ printf "Added files:                    %d (total %d)\n",
 printf "Deleted files:                  %d (delta: %d)\n", $deletes,
     $creates - $deletes;
 print "Diffstat:$diffstat" if(!$fileschanged);
-printf "Files changed:                  %d (%.2f%%)\n", $fileschanged, $fileschanged*100/$afiles;
+printf "Files changed:                  %d (%.2f%%)\n", $fileschanged, $fileschanged * 100 / $afiles;
 printf "Lines inserted:                 %d\n", $insertions;
 printf "Lines deleted:                  %d (delta: %d)\n", $deletions,
     $insertions - $deletions;