var: add a '64dec' function that can base64 decode a string

Verified in test 455 and 487.

If the provided string cannot be base64-decoded, it will instead use
"[64dec-fail]" (without the quotes).

Documented

Ref: #16288
Closes #16330

docs/cmdline-opts/_VARIABLES.md

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ set:
 When expanding variables, curl supports a set of functions that can make the
 variable contents more convenient to use. It can trim leading and trailing
 white space with `trim`, it can output the contents as a JSON quoted string
-with `json`, URL encode the string with `url` or base64 encode it with `b64`.
-To apply functions to a variable expansion, add them colon separated to the
-right side of the variable. Variable content holding null bytes that are not
-encoded when expanded cause error.
+with `json`, URL encode the string with `url`, base64 encode it with `b64` and
+base64 decode it with `64dec`. To apply functions to a variable expansion, add
+them colon separated to the right side of the variable. Variable content
+holding null bytes that are not encoded when expanded cause error.
 
 Example: get the contents of a file called $HOME/.secret into a variable
 called "fix". Make sure that the content is trimmed and percent-encoded when

docs/cmdline-opts/variable.md

@@ -66,30 +66,45 @@ error.
 
 Available functions:
 
-## trim
+## `trim`
+
 removes all leading and trailing white space.
 
 Example:
 
     curl --expand-url https://example.com/{{var:trim}}
 
-## json
+## `json`
+
 outputs the content using JSON string quoting rules.
 
 Example:
 
     curl --expand-data {{data:json}} https://example.com
 
-## url
+## `url`
+
 shows the content URL (percent) encoded.
 
 Example:
 
     curl --expand-url https://example.com/{{path:url}}
 
-## b64
+## `b64`
+
 expands the variable base64 encoded
 
 Example:
 
     curl --expand-url https://example.com/{{var:b64}}
+
+## `64dec`
+
+decodes a base64 encoded character sequence. If the sequence is not possible
+to decode, it instead outputs `[64dec-fail]`
+
+Example:
+
+    curl --expand-url https://example.com/{{var:64dec}}
+
+(Added in 8.13.0)