autotools: add support for 'unity' builds, enable in CI

Implement the "unity" builds as known from CMake, but for autotools.
It's limited to `lib` and `src` (CMake also supports it in `tests`).

Enable with: `--enable-unity` (disabled by default)

Unity builds speed up builds significantly. Cygwin and Windows builds in
particular, but the effect is noticeable on most systems. It also allows
discovering unity issues with autotools, benefitting also CMake when
building the same combination. In CI it makes turnaround times quicker.

This closes build performance with CMake. autotools still lags behind
because it builds shared and static libcurl in two, separate passes.
CMake does it in one. Manpage compilation isn't batched, it is in CMake.
After unity and test bundle support the slowest parts of the build are
the configuration phase (which is effectively a tedious, non-parallel,
compilation and/or linking of 300+ tiny programs. The next bottleneck
is compiling individual examples and finally test servers (only slow
with autotools).

The autotools implementation is slightly less efficient than CMake,
because 3 sources are permanently excluded while in CMake this isn't
necessary and solved more efficiently while building libtests. There is
also no 'unity' support for tests, making them a less efficient also.

Enable it in CI for most `configure` jobs. Except in GHA/dist (though
it works fine there too), to use the default config there. Also skip for
the Linux AWC-LC job where it made builds time a few seconds longer
(reason undiscovered.)

Autotools test suite builds compared between master -> `--enable-unity`:
- GHA/Linux: 32s -> 12s
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10705668823/job/29681617374
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10742978889/job/29796766297
- GHA/macOS: 37s -> 10s
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10705668813/job/29681632885
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10742978699/job/29796768875
- GHA/FreeBSD: 15m25 -> 10m58 (full workflow time, ~qemu)
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10705668811/job/29681607915
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10742978937/job/29796766115
- GHA/Cygwin: 3m32 -> 1m21
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10705668809/job/29681609965
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10742978645/job/29796756933
- GHA/MSYS2: 2m42 -> 50s
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10705668808/job/29681621166
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10742978662/job/29799739289
- GHA/mingw-w64: 5m32 -> 1m23
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10705668808/job/29681628787
  https://github.com/curl/curl/actions/runs/10742978662/job/29799741568

Closes #14815

src/Makefile.am

@@ -60,8 +60,30 @@ endif
 
 include Makefile.inc
 
+CLEANFILES =
+
+if USE_UNITY
+curl_EXCLUDE =
+if DEBUGBUILD
+# We must compile this source separately to avoid memdebug.h redefinitions
+# applying to them.
+curl_EXCLUDE += ../lib/curl_multibyte.c
+endif
+if USE_CPPFLAG_CURL_STATICLIB
+curl_CURLX = $(CURLTOOL_LIBCURL_CFILES)
+else
+curl_CURLX = $(CURLX_CFILES)
+endif
+curltool_unity.c: $(top_srcdir)/scripts/mk-unity.pl $(CURL_CFILES) $(curl_CURLX)
+	@PERL@  $(top_srcdir)/scripts/mk-unity.pl $(srcdir) $(CURL_CFILES) $(curl_CURLX) --exclude $(curl_EXCLUDE) > curltool_unity.c
+
+nodist_curl_SOURCES = curltool_unity.c
+curl_SOURCES = $(curl_EXCLUDE)
+CLEANFILES += curltool_unity.c
+else
 # CURL_FILES comes from Makefile.inc
 curl_SOURCES = $(CURL_FILES)
+endif
 if HAVE_WINDRES
 curl_SOURCES += $(CURL_RCFILES)
 $(CURL_RCFILES): tool_version.h
@@ -84,8 +106,17 @@ libcurltool_la_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) \
                           -DCURL_STATICLIB -DUNITTESTS
 libcurltool_la_CFLAGS =
 libcurltool_la_LDFLAGS = -static $(LINKFLAGS)
+if USE_UNITY
+libcurltool_unity.c: $(top_srcdir)/scripts/mk-unity.pl $(CURL_CFILES) $(CURLTOOL_LIBCURL_CFILES)
+	@PERL@ $(top_srcdir)/scripts/mk-unity.pl $(srcdir) $(CURL_CFILES) $(CURLTOOL_LIBCURL_CFILES) --exclude $(curl_EXCLUDE) > libcurltool_unity.c
+
+nodist_libcurltool_la_SOURCES = libcurltool_unity.c
+libcurltool_la_SOURCES = $(curl_EXCLUDE)
+CLEANFILES += libcurltool_unity.c
+else
 libcurltool_la_SOURCES = $(CURL_FILES)
 endif
+endif
 
 # Use absolute directory to disable VPATH
 ASCIIPAGE=$(top_builddir)/docs/cmdline-opts/curl.txt
@@ -127,7 +158,7 @@ $(HUGE):
 	echo '#include "tool_hugehelp.h"' >> $(HUGE)
 endif
 
-CLEANFILES = $(HUGE)
+CLEANFILES += $(HUGE)
 
 CA_EMBED_CSOURCE = tool_ca_embed.c
 CURL_CFILES += $(CA_EMBED_CSOURCE)