build: tidy-up MSVC CRT warning suppression macros

- curl_setup.h: replace `_CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE` with
  `_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS`, which seems to be the preferred,
  more recent macro for this. Also syncing with libssh2.
  They are equivalent for curl sources with the supported compilers.
- cmake: stop setting `_CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE` globally for examples.
- examples: suppress CRT deprecation warnings on a per-file basis.
  To make it work when compiling examples out of curl's build systems.
  Use `_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS`.
- examples: document the functions requiring `_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS`.
- examples/block_ip: delete superfluous `_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS`.
- examples/block_ip: limit `_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE` to MSVC.
- examples/log_failed_transfers: fix to set `_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS`
  before headers and limit to MSVC.
- curl_setup.h: document which SDKs support `_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE`.

Closes #19175

docs/examples/http2-upload.c

@@ -25,6 +25,13 @@
  * Multiplexed HTTP/2 uploads over a single connection
  * </DESC>
  */
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS  /* for '_snprintf(), fopen(), localtime(),
+                                    strerror() */
+#endif
+#endif
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -38,6 +45,16 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
+/* curl stuff */
+#include <curl/curl.h>
+
+#ifndef CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX
+/* This little trick makes sure that we do not enable pipelining for libcurls
+   old enough to not have this symbol. It is _not_ defined to zero in a recent
+   libcurl header. */
+#define CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX 0L
+#endif
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #undef stat
 #define stat _stat
@@ -50,16 +67,6 @@
 #define snprintf _snprintf
 #endif
 
-/* curl stuff */
-#include <curl/curl.h>
-
-#ifndef CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX
-/* This little trick makes sure that we do not enable pipelining for libcurls
-   old enough to not have this symbol. It is _not_ defined to zero in a recent
-   libcurl header. */
-#define CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX 0L
-#endif
-
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #define gettimeofday(a, b) my_gettimeofday((a), (b))
 static int my_gettimeofday(struct timeval *tp, void *tzp)