curl: detect and bail out early on parameter integer overflows

Make the number parser aware of the maximum limit curl accepts for a
value and return an error immediately if larger, instead of running an
integer overflow later.

Fixes #1730
Closes #1736

src/tool_getparam.h

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ typedef enum {
   PARAM_NO_MEM,
   PARAM_NEXT_OPERATION,
   PARAM_NO_PREFIX,
+  PARAM_NUMBER_TOO_LARGE,
   PARAM_LAST
 } ParameterError;