tidy-up: .gitignore lines mostly

- `.gitignore`: delete, dedupe and move rules upwards.
  Ref: 6389ba87b8 #13311
- `.gitignore`: fix generated test sources.
  Follow-up to 71cf0d1fca #14772
- `.gitignore`: replace exe listings with a wildcard.
- lib: move `setup-*.h` from `EXTRA_DIST` to `CURL_HFILES`.
- `makedebug.bat`: uppercase an argument to match docs.
- GHA/non-native: delete stray env.
  Follow-up to 12a6de2f66 #16043
- sort source lists.

Closes #16093

.gitignore

@@ -8,11 +8,15 @@
 *.exp
 *.la
 *.lib
+*.a
+*.res
 *.lo
 *.o
 *.obj
 *.pdb
 *.pyc
+*.orig
+*.rej
 *~
 .*.sw?
 .cproject
@@ -60,6 +64,7 @@ missing
 mkinstalldirs
 tags
 test-driver
+stamp-h*
 scripts/_curl
 scripts/curl.fish
 curl_fuzzer