windows: test non-verbose builds, fix fallouts

- schannel: fix mixed-up declaration. (originally fenced infof for
  verbose, then changed to failf with the fence kept, then fence
  removed and variable marked as verbose, when in fact it's not, but
  not tested and caught in CI.
- fix two other fallouts.
- GHA/windows: disable verbose strings in a mingw job.
- appveyor: disable verbose strings in an MSVC job.
- appveyor: add way to pass any CMake option per-job.

Cherry-picked from #20387
Follow-up to 61093e2a81 #20353

Closes #20388

lib/multi.c

@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ static void mstate(struct Curl_easy *data, CURLMstate state
     return;
 
 #ifdef DEBUGBUILD
+  NOVERBOSE((void)lineno);
   CURL_TRC_M(data, "-> [%s] (line %d)", CURL_MSTATE_NAME(state), lineno);
 #else
   CURL_TRC_M(data, "-> [%s]", CURL_MSTATE_NAME(state));