curl.se: new home

Closes #6172
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Daniel Stenberg 2020-11-04 14:02:01 +01:00
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## See the Protocol
Using curl's option [`--verbose`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-v)
Using curl's option [`--verbose`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-v)
(`-v` as a short option) will display what kind of commands curl sends to the
server, as well as a few other informational texts.
@ -46,8 +46,8 @@
understand the curl<->server interaction.
Sometimes even `--verbose` is not enough. Then
[`--trace`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-trace) and
[`--trace-ascii`]((https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--trace-ascii)
[`--trace`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-trace) and
[`--trace-ascii`]((https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--trace-ascii)
offer even more details as they show **everything** curl sends and
receives. Use it like this:
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
Many times you may wonder what exactly is taking all the time, or you just
want to know the amount of milliseconds between two points in a transfer. For
those, and other similar situations, the
[`--trace-time`]((https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--trace-time) option
[`--trace-time`]((https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--trace-time) option
is what you need. It'll prepend the time to each trace output line:
curl --trace-ascii d.txt --trace-time http://example.com/
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
The Uniform Resource Locator format is how you specify the address of a
particular resource on the Internet. You know these, you've seen URLs like
https://curl.haxx.se or https://yourbank.com a million times. RFC 3986 is the
https://curl.se or https://yourbank.com a million times. RFC 3986 is the
canonical spec. And yeah, the formal name is not URL, it is URI.
## Host
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
For development and other trying out situations, you can point to a different
IP address for a host name than what would otherwise be used, by using curl's
[`--resolve`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--resolve) option:
[`--resolve`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--resolve) option:
curl --resolve www.example.org:80:127.0.0.1 http://www.example.org/
@ -141,19 +141,19 @@
issues a GET request to the server and receives the document it asked for.
If you issue the command line
curl https://curl.haxx.se
curl https://curl.se
you get a web page returned in your terminal window. The entire HTML document
that that URL holds.
All HTTP replies contain a set of response headers that are normally hidden,
use curl's [`--include`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-i) (`-i`)
use curl's [`--include`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-i) (`-i`)
option to display them as well as the rest of the document.
## HEAD
You can ask the remote server for ONLY the headers by using the
[`--head`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-I) (`-I`) option which
[`--head`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-I) (`-I`) option which
will make curl issue a HEAD request. In some special cases servers deny the
HEAD method while others still work, which is a particular kind of annoyance.
@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
curl http://url1.example.com http://url2.example.com
If you use [`--data`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-d) to POST to
If you use [`--data`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-d) to POST to
the URL, using multiple URLs means that you send that same POST to all the
given URLs.
@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
Sometimes you need to operate on several URLs in a single command line and do
different HTTP methods on each. For this, you'll enjoy the
[`--next`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-:) option. It is basically
[`--next`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-:) option. It is basically
a separator that separates a bunch of options from the next. All the URLs
before `--next` will get the same method and will get all the POST data
merged into one.
@ -370,10 +370,10 @@
The site might require a different authentication method (check the headers
returned by the server), and then
[`--ntlm`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--ntlm),
[`--digest`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--digest),
[`--negotiate`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--negotiate) or even
[`--anyauth`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--anyauth) might be
[`--ntlm`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--ntlm),
[`--digest`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--digest),
[`--negotiate`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--negotiate) or even
[`--anyauth`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--anyauth) might be
options that suit you.
## Proxy Authentication
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may require its own user and password to allow the client to get through to
the Internet. To specify those with curl, run something like:
curl --proxy-user proxyuser:proxypassword curl.haxx.se
curl --proxy-user proxyuser:proxypassword curl.se
If your proxy requires the authentication to be done using the NTLM method,
use [`--proxy-ntlm`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--proxy-ntlm), if
use [`--proxy-ntlm`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--proxy-ntlm), if
it requires Digest use
[`--proxy-digest`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#--proxy-digest).
[`--proxy-digest`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--proxy-digest).
If you use any one of these user+password options but leave out the password
part, curl will prompt for the password interactively.
@ -462,7 +462,7 @@
If you use curl to POST to a site that immediately redirects you to another
page, you can safely use
[`--location`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-L) (`-L`) and
[`--location`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-L) (`-L`) and
`--data`/`--form` together. curl will only use POST in the first request, and
then revert to GET in the following operations.
@ -501,13 +501,13 @@
Cookies are sent as common HTTP headers. This is practical as it allows curl
to record cookies simply by recording headers. Record cookies with curl by
using the [`--dump-header`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-D) (`-D`)
using the [`--dump-header`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-D) (`-D`)
option like:
curl --dump-header headers_and_cookies http://www.example.com
(Take note that the
[`--cookie-jar`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-c) option described
[`--cookie-jar`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-c) option described
below is a better way to store cookies.)
Curl has a full blown cookie parsing engine built-in that comes in use if you
@ -519,7 +519,7 @@
curl --cookie stored_cookies_in_file http://www.example.com
Curl's "cookie engine" gets enabled when you use the
[`--cookie`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-b) option. If you only
[`--cookie`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-b) option. If you only
want curl to understand received cookies, use `--cookie` with a file that
doesn't exist. Example, if you want to let curl understand cookies from a
page and follow a location (and thus possibly send back cookies it received),
@ -571,12 +571,12 @@
curl also tries to verify that the server is who it claims to be, by
verifying the server's certificate against a locally stored CA cert
bundle. Failing the verification will cause curl to deny the connection. You
must then use [`--insecure`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-k)
must then use [`--insecure`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-k)
(`-k`) in case you want to tell curl to ignore that the server can't be
verified.
More about server certificate verification and ca cert bundles can be read in
the [SSLCERTS document](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html).
the [SSLCERTS document](https://curl.se/docs/sslcerts.html).
At times you may end up with your own CA cert store and then you can tell
curl to use that to verify the server's certificate:
@ -611,7 +611,7 @@
It should be noted that curl selects which methods to use on its own
depending on what action to ask for. `-d` will do POST, `-I` will do HEAD and
so on. If you use the
[`--request`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-X) / `-X` option you
[`--request`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-X) / `-X` option you
can change the method keyword curl selects, but you will not modify curl's
behavior. This means that if you for example use -d "data" to do a POST, you
can modify the method to a `PROPFIND` with `-X` and curl will still think it
@ -671,10 +671,10 @@
- Make sure you check for and use cookies when needed (both reading with
`--cookie` and writing with `--cookie-jar`)
- Set user-agent (with [`-A`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-A)) to
- Set user-agent (with [`-A`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-A)) to
one like a recent popular browser does
- Set referer (with [`-E`](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html#-E)) like
- Set referer (with [`-E`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#-E)) like
it is set by the browser
- If you use POST, make sure you send all the fields and in the same order as