GHA: drop 3rd-party apt source docker.list

Seen on `ubuntu-slim` runners.

Also:
- extend to two jobs to `ls -l` package sources on both ubuntu-latest,
  ubuntu-24.04-arm, and ubuntu-slim.
- drop former stray apt source `ondrej-ubuntu-php-noble.sources`.
  It's no longer present on the image.

Closes #21344

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ matrix.platform == 'Linux' }}
         timeout-minutes: 5
         run: |
-          sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/{azure-cli.sources,microsoft-prod.list,ondrej-ubuntu-php-noble.sources}
+          sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/{azure-cli.sources,docker.list,microsoft-prod.list}
           sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Use-Pty=0 update
           printf "#!/bin/sh
             while [ \$? = 0 ]; do for i in 1 2 3; do timeout 60 \"\$@\" && break 2; echo \"Error: slow server, retry \$i\"; sleep 1