localtime: detect thread-safe alternatives and use them

- add local API `toolx_localtime()` to wrap the banned function
  `localtime()`. Used from libcurl, libtests and test servers.
- auto-detect and use `localtime_r()` where available (e.g. Linux).
  Also to support multi-threading.
- use `localtime_s()` on Windows. It requires MSVC or mingw-w64 v4+.
  Also to support multi-threading.
  Use local workaround to also support mingw-w64 v3.
- add `src/toolx` to keep internal APIs used by the curl tool and tests,
  but not by libcurl. `toolx_localtime()` is the first API in it.
- replace `localtime()` calls with `toolx_localtime()`.
  Except in examples.
- note Windows XP's default `msvcrt.dll` doesn't offer secure CRT APIs.
  XP likely needs a newer version of this DLL, or may not run.
- note that `localtime()` mirrors `gmtime()`, with the difference that
  `gmtime()`'s internal wrapper lives in curlx.

Also:
- drop redundant `int` casts.

Refs:
https://learn.microsoft.com/cpp/c-runtime-library/reference/localtime-localtime32-localtime64
https://learn.microsoft.com/cpp/c-runtime-library/reference/localtime-s-localtime32-s-localtime64-s
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9799919799/functions/localtime.html
https://linux.die.net/man/3/localtime_r

Ref: #19955 (for `gmtime_r()`)
Follow-up to 54d9f060b4
Closes #19957

src/Makefile.inc

@@ -64,6 +64,12 @@ CURLX_HFILES = \
   ../lib/curlx/warnless.h \
   ../lib/curlx/winapi.h
 
+TOOLX_CFILES = \
+  toolx/tool_time.c
+
+TOOLX_HFILES = \
+  toolx/tool_time.h
+
 CURL_CFILES = \
   config2setopts.c \
   slist_wc.c \
@@ -107,7 +113,8 @@ CURL_CFILES = \
   tool_writeout.c \
   tool_writeout_json.c \
   tool_xattr.c \
-  var.c
+  var.c \
+  $(TOOLX_CFILES)
 
 CURL_HFILES = \
   config2setopts.h \
@@ -154,6 +161,7 @@ CURL_HFILES = \
   tool_writeout.h \
   tool_writeout_json.h \
   tool_xattr.h \
-  var.h
+  var.h \
+  $(TOOLX_HFILES)
 
 CURL_RCFILES = curl.rc