tidy-up: update MS links, allow long URLs via checksrc

- update Microsoft documentation links.
  (also drop language designator where present.)

- checksrc: allow longer than 78 character lines if they
  contain a https URL. To make these links easier to use and parse.

- merge links that were split into two lines.

Closes #18626

docs/CIPHERS.md

@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ for further information on that format.
 Schannel does not support setting individual TLS 1.2 cipher suites directly.
 It only allows the enabling and disabling of encryption algorithms. These are
 in the form of `CALG_xxx`, see the [Schannel `ALG_ID`
-documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/desktop/SecCrypto/alg-id)
+documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/win32/seccrypto/alg-id)
 for a list of these algorithms. Also, (since curl 7.77.0)
 `SCH_USE_STRONG_CRYPTO` can be given to pass that flag to Schannel, lookup the
 [documentation for the Windows version in
-use](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthn/cipher-suites-in-schannel)
+use](https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/win32/secauthn/cipher-suites-in-schannel)
 to see how that affects the cipher suite selection. When not specifying the
 `--ciphers` and `--tls13-ciphers` options curl passes this flag by default.
 
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ Restrict to only TLS 1.2 with the `CAMELLIA-128-GCM` cipher.
 - [OpenSSL cipher suite names documentation](https://docs.openssl.org/master/man1/openssl-ciphers/#cipher-suite-names)
 - [wolfSSL cipher support documentation](https://www.wolfssl.com/documentation/manuals/wolfssl/chapter04.html#cipher-support)
 - [mbedTLS cipher suites reference](https://mbed-tls.readthedocs.io/projects/api/en/development/api/file/ssl__ciphersuites_8h/)
-- [Schannel cipher suites documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthn/cipher-suites-in-schannel)
+- [Schannel cipher suites documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/win32/secauthn/cipher-suites-in-schannel)
 - [IANA cipher suites list](https://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.xhtml#tls-parameters-4)
 - [Wikipedia cipher suite article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipher_suite)
 - [GnuTLS Priority Strings](https://gnutls.org/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html)

docs/INSTALL.md

@@ -193,9 +193,9 @@ You can build curl with:
  KB140584 is a must for any Windows developer. Especially important is full
  understanding if you are not going to follow the advice given above.
 
- - [How To Use the C Runtime](https://support.microsoft.com/help/94248/how-to-use-the-c-run-time)
- - [Runtime Library Compiler Options](https://docs.microsoft.com/cpp/build/reference/md-mt-ld-use-run-time-library)
- - [Potential Errors Passing CRT Objects Across DLL Boundaries](https://docs.microsoft.com/cpp/c-runtime-library/potential-errors-passing-crt-objects-across-dll-boundaries)
+ - [How To Use the C Runtime](https://learn.microsoft.com/troubleshoot/developer/visualstudio/cpp/libraries/use-c-run-time)
+ - [Runtime Library Compiler Options](https://learn.microsoft.com/cpp/build/reference/md-mt-ld-use-run-time-library)
+ - [Potential Errors Passing CRT Objects Across DLL Boundaries](https://learn.microsoft.com/cpp/c-runtime-library/potential-errors-passing-crt-objects-across-dll-boundaries)
 
 If your app is misbehaving in some strange way, or it is suffering from memory
 corruption, before asking for further help, please try first to rebuild every

docs/TODO

@@ -860,14 +860,14 @@
  The existing support for the -E/--cert and --key options could be
  extended by supplying a custom certificate and key in PEM format, see:
  - Getting a Certificate for Schannel
-   https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa375447.aspx
+   https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/win32/secauthn/getting-a-certificate-for-schannel
 
 15.2 Extend support for the --ciphers option
 
  The existing support for the --ciphers option could be extended
  by mapping the OpenSSL/GnuTLS cipher suites to the Schannel APIs, see
  - Specifying Schannel Ciphers and Cipher Strengths
-   https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa380161.aspx
+   https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/win32/secauthn/specifying-schannel-ciphers-and-cipher-strengths
 
 15.4 Add option to allow abrupt server closure